Chemistry Experiment

Trial 1: TLC Analysis of Analgesic Drugs 1/23/2011 Purpose: The objective of this examination is to test our insight and comprehension of TLC investigation by having us do a TLC examination of analgesics to make sense of their fundamental synthetic segments. Computations: 1. ) Rf = Distance spot voyaged/separation dissolvable voyaged Results: Table 1: TLC Analysis Analgesic Drugs| Rf Value| Acetaminophen| 0. 323| Aspirin| 0. 597| Caffeine| 0. 081| Unknown 154 (Plate 1)| 0. 081, 0. 306, 0. 597| Ibuprofen| 0. 698|Salicyclamide| 0. 587| Unknown 154 (plate 2)| 0. 079, 0. 397, 0. 587| Discussion: The objective of this investigation was to utilize TLC Analysis to decide the pain relieving drug present in the obscure arrangement 154. One perception of the obscure spotting arrangement was that it was overcast. Subsequent to framing the obscure spotting arrangement it was then warmed to make it an increasingly immersed arrangement therefore empowering the spots on the TLC plate to contain a g reater amount of the medication making it simpler to contrast it and the other drugs.After the TLC plates were created and pictured first through UV light and afterward through an Iodine chamber ( however no more spots were envisioned with iodine chamber) , Rf esteems were then taken of each spot on the plate. The Acetaminophen had an estimation of 0. 323, Aspirin had an estimation of 0. 597, Caffeine had an estimation of 0. 081, Unknown 154 on the principal plate had 3 unique qualities; 0. 081, 0. 306, 0. 597, Ibuprofen had an estimation of 0. 698, Salicylamide had an estimation of 0. 587, and Unknown 154 on the subsequent plate had three distinct qualities also; 0. 079, 0. 97, and 0. 587. Through investigation it was resolved that obscure 154 was Aspirin. This was found by looking at the Rf estimations of all the pain relieving medications to obscure 154. In the wake of looking at them it was seen that the Rf esteem for Aspirin coordinated one of the Rf esteems for obscure 154 pre cisely. The assurance of the obscure was additionally upheld by taking a gander at the examples in arrangement. Both the obscure 154 and Aspirin were overcast in arrangement consequently further supporting the distinguishing proof of obscure 154. In this investigation there were not very numerous wellsprings of error.One source could have been that the dish sets being utilized might not have been cleaned altogether before utilizing it therefore conceivably sullying the obscure or the other pain relieving drugs. This Experiment unquestionably was a productive method to help figure out what kind of medication the obscure 154 was yet there are a couple of enhancements that could have been never really better decide the obscure. One improvement could be to inspect the dissolvable utilized in light of the fact that various solvents make various detachments between spots.Another improvement could be to likewise run an Infrared Spectroscopy on the obscure and known mixes. Answers to Questi ons: 1. ) When running TLC plates three basic slip-ups that can be made are utilizing a pen rather than a pencil to check on the plate, utilizing an inappropriate dissolvable, and contacting the plates therefore getting oil on them. 2. ) The Starting line and the spotting line are set apart with pencil as opposed to pen in light of the fact that the ink from the pen would move with the dissolvable front therefore meddling with the outcomes. 3. ) Acetaminophen Aspirin CaffeineIbuprofen Salicylamide Pretty much the entirety of the useful gatherings can decide the extremity of a compound. This incorporates Amides, Acids, Alcohols, Ketones, Aldehydes, Amines, Esters, Ethers, and Alkanes. Despite the fact that they all can decide the extremity of the compound Amides, Acids, Alcohols, Ketones, and Aldehydes are the most polar and in this way are the best at deciding extremity in mixes. 4. ) In request of expanding extremity Ibuprofen is the least , then it is Aspirin, at that point Salicy lamide, at that point acetaminophen, and Caffeine is the most polar. 5. The Acetic Acid in the TLC dissolvable is utilized to expand the extremity of the creating dissolvable subsequently lessening the measure of fascination the polar compound has for the fixed stage. 6. ) TLC is a decent method to decide an obscure, yet not to decide piece of an obscure. One great approach to decide the structure of an obscure is to run an Infrared Spectroscopy which when examined useful gatherings can be distinguished. Another approach to decide the organization of a pain relieving medication could be to run a Mass Spectroscopy which when dissected could decide the essential structure of the medication. Science Experiment Trial 1: TLC Analysis of Analgesic Drugs 1/23/2011 Purpose: The objective of this examination is to test our insight and comprehension of TLC investigation by having us do a TLC examination of analgesics to make sense of their primary compound segments. Figurings: 1. ) Rf = Distance spot voyaged/separation dissolvable voyaged Results: Table 1: TLC Analysis Analgesic Drugs| Rf Value| Acetaminophen| 0. 323| Aspirin| 0. 597| Caffeine| 0. 081| Unknown 154 (Plate 1)| 0. 081, 0. 306, 0. 597| Ibuprofen| 0. 698|Salicyclamide| 0. 587| Unknown 154 (plate 2)| 0. 079, 0. 397, 0. 587| Discussion: The objective of this trial was to utilize TLC Analysis to decide the pain relieving drug present in the obscure arrangement 154. One perception of the obscure spotting arrangement was that it was overcast. Subsequent to shaping the obscure spotting arrangement it was then warmed to make it an increasingly immersed arrangement in this way empowering the spots on the TLC plate to contain a greater amount of the medication making it simpler to contrast it and the other drugs.After the TLC plates were created and pictured first through UV light and afterward through an Iodine chamber ( however no more spots were envisioned with iodine chamber) , Rf esteems were then taken of each spot on the plate. The Acetaminophen had an estimation of 0. 323, Aspirin had an estimation of 0. 597, Caffeine had an estimation of 0. 081, Unknown 154 on the principal plate had 3 distinct qualities; 0. 081, 0. 306, 0. 597, Ibuprofen had an estimation of 0. 698, Salicylamide had an estimation of 0. 587, and Unknown 154 on the subsequent plate had three unique qualities also; 0. 079, 0. 97, and 0. 587. Through investigation it was resolved that obscure 154 was Aspirin. This was found by contrasting the Rf estimations of all the pain relieving medications to obscure 154. In the wake of looking at them it was seen that the Rf esteem for Aspirin coordinated one of the Rf esteems for obscure 154 precisely. The a ssurance of the obscure was additionally upheld by taking a gander at the examples in arrangement. Both the obscure 154 and Aspirin were shady in arrangement in this way further supporting the distinguishing proof of obscure 154. In this test there were not very numerous wellsprings of error.One source could have been that the china being utilized might not have been cleaned completely before utilizing it in this way conceivably defiling the obscure or the other pain relieving drugs. This Experiment unquestionably was a proficient method to help figure out what kind of medication the obscure 154 was however there are a couple of upgrades that could have been never really better decide the obscure. One improvement could be to analyze the dissolvable utilized on the grounds that various solvents make various partitions between spots.Another improvement could be to likewise run an Infrared Spectroscopy on the obscure and known mixes. Answers to Questions: 1. ) When running TLC plates t hree normal slip-ups that can be made are utilizing a pen rather than a pencil to check on the plate, utilizing an inappropriate dissolvable, and contacting the plates in this manner getting oil on them. 2. ) The Starting line and the spotting line are set apart with pencil instead of pen on the grounds that the ink from the pen would move with the dissolvable front in this manner meddling with the outcomes. 3. ) Acetaminophen Aspirin CaffeineIbuprofen Salicylamide Pretty much the entirety of the utilitarian gatherings can decide the extremity of a compound. This incorporates Amides, Acids, Alcohols, Ketones, Aldehydes, Amines, Esters, Ethers, and Alkanes. Despite the fact that they all can decide the extremity of the compound Amides, Acids, Alcohols, Ketones, and Aldehydes are the most polar and along these lines are the best at deciding extremity in mixes. 4. ) In request of expanding extremity Ibuprofen is the least , then it is Aspirin, at that point Salicylamide, at that point acetaminophen, and Caffeine is the most polar. 5. The Acetic Acid in the TLC dissolvable is utilized to expand the extremity of the creating dissolvable in this manner decreasing the measure of fascination the polar compound has for the fixed stage. 6. ) TLC is a decent method to decide an obscure, however not to decide structure of an obscure. One great approach to decide the sythesis of an obscure is to run an Infrared Spectroscopy which when broke down useful gatherings can be distinguished. Another approach to decide the piece of a pain relieving medication could be to run a Mass Spectroscopy which when examined could decide the essential creation of the medication.

What Pilot Studies Are and Why They Matter

What Pilot Studies Are and Why They Matter A pilot study is a fundamental little scope study that specialists direct so as to assist them with choosing how best to lead a huge scope inquire about undertaking. Utilizing a pilot study, a scientist can distinguish or refine an examination question, make sense of what techniques are best for seeking after it, and gauge how much time and assets will be important to finish the bigger form, in addition to other things. Key Takeaways: Pilot Studies Prior to running a bigger report, specialists can direct a pilot study: a little scope study that encourages them refine their examination subject and study methods.Pilot studies can be valuable for deciding the best research strategies to utilize, investigating unexpected issues in the venture, and deciding if an exploration venture is feasible.Pilot studies can be utilized in both quantitative and subjective sociology look into. Diagram Enormous scope examine ventures will in general be intricate, set aside a great deal of effort to structure and execute, and regularly require a considerable amount of subsidizing. Directing a pilot concentrate previously permits a scientist to plan and execute a huge scope venture in as methodologically thorough a route as could be expected under the circumstances, and can spare time and expenses by lessening the danger of blunders or issues. Thus, pilot considers are utilized by both quantitative and subjective scientists in the sociologies. Points of interest of Conducting a Pilot Study Pilot reads are valuable for various reasons, including: Distinguishing or refining an examination question or set of questionsIdentifying or refining a theory or set of hypothesesIdentifying and assessing an example populace, inquire about field site, or information setTesting research instruments like review surveys, meeting or conversation guides, or factual formulasEvaluating and choosing research methodsIdentifying and settling the same number of potential issues or issues as possibleEstimating the time and costs required for the projectGauging whether the exploration objectives and configuration are realisticProducing fundamental outcomes that can help secure subsidizing and different types of institutional speculation In the wake of leading a pilot study and making the strides recorded over, an analyst will comprehend what to do so as to continue such that will make the examination a success.â Model: Quantitative Survey Research Let's assume you need to lead an enormous scope quantitative research venture utilizing review information to examine the connection among race and ideological group alliance. To best structure and execute this exploration, you would initially need to choose an informational collection to utilize, for example, the General Social Survey, for instance, download one of their informational indexes, and afterward utilize a measurable investigation program to analyze this relationship. During the time spent breaking down the relationship, you are probably going to understand the significance of different factors that may host an effect on political get-together association. For instance, spot of living arrangement, age, training level, financial status, and sexual orientation may affect party alliance (either all alone or in cooperation with race). You may likewise understand that the informational collection you picked doesn't offer all of you the data that you have to most appropriate an swer this inquiry, so you may decide to utilize another informational collection, or join another with the first that you chose. Experiencing this pilot study procedure will permit you to work out the wrinkles in your examination plan and afterward execute top notch explore. Model: Qualitative Interview Studies Pilot studies can likewise be helpful for subjective research considers, for example, meet based examinations. For instance, envision that a scientist is keen on examining the relationship that Apple purchasers have to the companys brand and items. The scientist may decide to initially do a pilot study comprising of two or three center gatherings so as to recognize questions and topical territories that would be valuable to seek after with inside and out, one-on-one meetings. A center gathering can be helpful to this sort of study on the grounds that while an analyst will have a thought of what inquiries to pose and points to raise, she may locate that different subjects and questions emerge when individuals from the objective gathering talk among themselves. After a center gathering pilot study, the specialist will have a superior thought of how to make a compelling meeting guide for a bigger research venture. Further Reading On the off chance that you are keen on getting familiar with the advantages of pilot contemplates, investigate an exposition titled The Importance of Pilot Studies, by Drs. Edwin R. van Teijlingen and Vanora Hundley, distributed in Social Research Updateâ by the Department of Sociology, University of Surrey, England. Updatedâ by Nicki Lisa Cole, Ph.D.

Blog Archive GMAT Impact In It to Win It

Blog Archive GMAT Impact In It to Win It When it comes to the GMAT, raw intellectual horsepower helps, but it is not everything. In this biweekly blog series, Manhattan GMAT’s Stacey Koprince teaches you how to perform on test day by using some common sense. Or: the most important thing you need to master before you take the GMAT. Last night, one of my students told me that he’s struggling to cut himself off on too-hard problems, because normally, he’s “in it to win it.” (For those who aren’t familiar with that expression, it means that if you’re playing a game, you’re always trying your hardest to win.) I responded, “But are you playing the right game?” He’s been playing the game he was taught to play in schoolâ€"there, getting things right was more important than the length of time spent. In school, grades are almost always based on percentage correct. The best students expect to get everything right. And this is the mindset that most of my students take into the GMAT as wellâ€"at least, until they talk to me. We’re not playing that school game anymore. This is a new game with different rules. If you play by “school rules,” you’re not going to get the best score that you’re capable of getting. In other words, sticking to your timing, learning to make educated guesses, cutting yourself off on too-hard questions and making educated guesses insteadâ€"all of these habits ARE the habits of someone who is In It To Win It! You’re not giving up when you do those things. You’re playing the game like an expert. Here are some additional resources to solidify this new mindset and learn to do what you need to do to win the game. Scoring:  Read the “Scoring” section of ManhattanGMAT’s free e-book The GMAT Uncovered Guide. If you have an account with us (even a free account), the guide is already sitting in the Downloads section of your Student Center. (Note: It’s in the Downloads section as of the date of publication of this article; it could move over time.) Timing:  Read this article on time management and start doing what it says. Good luck! Share ThisTweet GMAT Impact

Essay on Jacksonville Shipyards - 1350 Words

Running head: Case 8.1 Jacksonville Shipyards Jacksonville Shipyards Ketty Taboada Strayer University Business Ethics-BUS290 February 24, 2008 Abstract Sexual misconduct in the workplace has been a problem for women and in recent year’s men as well. Unfortunately, in the past this topic was overlooked until the case of Meritor Savings v. Vinson. We will establish the criteria for determining when unwelcome conduct of sexual nature constitutes harassment according to Title VII. Additionally, we will ascertain how to evaluate evidence of harassment, whether a work environment is sexually antagonistic, holding employers liable legally responsible for sexual harassment by supervisors; and analyzing preventive and corrective action†¦show more content†¦For example, in the case of Lois Robinson co-workers would post pornographic pictures and make suggestive comments when they noticed her pass by. Although, this did not affect her pay or the terms and conditions of her job she was subjected to a hostile work environment. Lois Robinson filed a suit against Jacksonville Shipyards Inc., for sexual harassment. However, the chal lenge for the court is to determine what is considered discomfort. The judge ruled that the display of pornographic pictures and pinup calendars was a visual assault on the emotional response of female workers due to the conditions sexual harassment under the â€Å"hostile working environment† provision. (Boatright 2007) Keep in mind that the court decision did not state that the display of pictures always constituted sexual harassment. The problem was the scarcity of women workers in a shipyard, and the lack of women in authority and the occurrence of verbal harassment including explicit sexual remarks. Jacksonville Shipyards Inc. (JSI) were federally contracted to repair U.S. Navy ships, therefore, they are required to have an affirmative action plan. In the company policy it stated that any violation should be reported to the Equal Employment Opportunity Coordinator in the facility. Unfortunately, supervisors at the shipyard were unaware that such policy existed and it was not included in the standard JSIShow MoreRelatedJacksonville Shipyards701 Words   |  3 PagesJacksonville Shipyards Callie Alloway OMM640: Business Ethics and Social Responsibility Frank Czarny 7 January 2013 1. Although the behavior of Robinsons male coworkers is morally objectionable, should management attempt to prevent it? Do you accept the claim that the workers have a right to post pictures in the workplace? Is this a personal problem that workers should handle among themselves? JSI’s Equal Employment Opportunity policy states, â€Å"†¦we should all be sensitive to the kindRead MoreSexual Harassment Essay935 Words   |  4 Pages Sexual Harassment discrimination is illegal. It is the employer obligation to make sure their organization and employees have protection from discrimination. This paper will show that Jacksonville shipyard acted unethically by failing to protect one of their employees Lois Robinson. Jacksonville Shipyard was well aware that Ms. Robinson faced sexual harassment on a daily basis by her male co- workers. Once Lois complained to Management that she objected to the co-workers behaviors , insteadRead MoreBusiness Ethics and Social Responsibility665 Words   |  3 Pagespolicy effectively to the supervisors of the shipyard (sexual harassment). In addition, they did not follow through on the procedures for reporting violations. The behavior of Lois Robinson’s co-workers is not acceptable. The behavior is not acceptable because it is an act of discrimination and sexual harassment. The sexually explicit pictures, the sexually suggestive and humiliating comments of her male co-workers. Since the Jacksonville Shipyard was a business that operated with male andRead MoreThe History of Naming U.S Navy Ships1431 Words   |  6 Pages(Group seeks to bring ex-USS Charles F. Adams to Jacksonville). The USS Charles F. Adams was decommissioned August 1st, 1990 from her homeport of Mayport, Florida and retired to the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard Inactive Ship’s Facility to wait for final disposition (History of the USS Charles F. Adams). However, the Charles F. Adams is now becoming a ship museum down in Jacksonville Florida thanks to Adams Class Veterans Association and the Jacksonville Historic Naval Ship Association. Now let’s moveRead MoreSexual Harassment in the Workplace4732 Words   |  19 Pagesspeaking out. Displaying a pornographic picture at your workstations is also considered sexual harassment. In the first Robinson v. Jacksonville Shipyards case in January 1991, the Sixth U.S Circuit Court of Appeals in Florida ruled that a nude pinup in the workplace was a violation of sexual harassment. In this case, a female shipyard welder accused her employers of posting pictures of nude and partly nude women in common areas of the workplace. The judge ruled that this atmosphereRead MoreSexual Harassment in the Workplace Essay1838 Words   |  8 Pagesaware of all of these activities. The court found this conduct violated Title Vii because it was unwelcome conduct of a sexual nature, even though it did not contain explicit sexual overtones. (Roberts, Mann) (2) In Robinson v. Jacksonville Shipyards, Inc., a shipyard company employed a female welder who was continually subjected to nude and partially nude pictures posted by her male co-workers. The men also referred to the victim as baby, sugar, momma, and dear. In addition, the men wroteRead MoreWeek 6 U Decide Essay examples2218 Words   |  9 Pagesunwelcome conduct of a sexual nature. 2. Robinson v. Jacksonville Shipyards, Inc.: A shipyard company employed a female welder who was continually subjected to partially nude pictures and vulgar remarks made by her male co-workers. These pictures were posted in common areas as well as Ms. Robinson’s tool box. The male coworkers called her names like baby, sugar, momma, and dear. They also wrote explicit graffiti about Ms. Robinson all over the shipyard. Ms. Robinson complained about the harassmentRead More Sexual Harassment in the Workplace Essay1794 Words   |  8 Pagesall of these activities. The court found this conduct violated Title Vii because it was unwelcome conduct of a sexual nature, even though it did not contain ?explicit sexual overtones.? (Roberts Mann, 2006) (2) In Robinson v. Jacksonville Shipyards, Inc., a shipyard company employed a female welder who was continually subjected to nude and partially nude pictures posted by her male co-workers. The men also referred to the victim as ?baby,? ?sugar,? ?momma?, and ?dear.? In addition, the menRead MoreSilver Ships Case Study Essay6823 Words   |  28 Pages Silver Ships’ Strategy in the Military and Workboat Industry CASE 14 David L. Turnipseed University of South Alabama s Mike McCarty walked through the Silver Ships shipyard monitoring the production of several aluminum hull boats in various stages of production, he began to think â€Å"What now?† He had seen his shipyard grow from a boatbuilding operation in the garage of his home in 1985 to a large, state-of-the-art company manufacturing 26- to 60-foot aluminumhull boats in 2010. During its

Crime And Incarceration A Negative Topic On Society Essay

Crime and Incarceration is a highly negative topic in our society. Crime has been around for decades. We hear about it on the news, school, work, and many other places. Crime not only affects the people who are incarcerated, but also everyone else around them. In a study where Oregon calculates the cost of incarceration and crime, it shows that the average household spends at least $700 general fund dollars on the criminal justice system (Wilson par 3). The crimes that people commit affect our society, not just themselves. People need to draw more attention to this topic because people think it is not affecting them when in reality these criminals are taking peoples income. Crime will never stop, but it is not acceptable to be paying for crimes that certain people commit when this money could be going to more important resources in our society. â€Å"One study found that an average of 6.8 percent of state general funds in 2007 went to correction agencies, making corrections the fift h-largest state budget category (behind health, elementary, and secondary education, higher education and transportation)† (McMillion par 1). Correction agencies are coming between education and health, which are the most important factors in our society. The money that is used for correction agencies could be used for education or health purposes. Incarceration causes deterioration in ex-inmates’ employment prospects, affecting their employment in the future. When criminals are released, they try toShow MoreRelatedDoes Incarceration Affect Recidivism?1433 Words   |  6 PagesDoes Incarceration Affect Recidivism? The United States is the world’s leader in incarceration with 2.2 million people currently in the nation’s prisons or jails. Incarceration is a widely argued topic with many understood viewpoints, and it directly deals with three main important correctional topics which are deterrence, rehabilitation, and recidivism. The definition of incarceration is the state of being confined in prison. Not only does incarceration affect people directly by taking away theirRead MoreEffects Of Long Term Incarceration On Prisoners900 Words   |  4 Pagesinvestigation The topic I am exploring is the effects of long-term incarceration on prisoner’s mental and psychological state. Many individuals believe that long- term incarceration and the conditions of prisons have negatively affected inmates psychologically and mentally. It has been discovered that post-traumatic stress disorders and anxiety is shared between those who have been in prison for a long period or those who are adapted to prison life. (Garcia) Incarceration was created to help theRead MoreWomen And The Criminal Justice System976 Words   |  4 Pageswomen. This is not portrayed largely by the media and society because it is not truly considered a highlight topic. Men and women face incarceration on a daily basis, causing them both to have different experiences based on their gender. The crimes and punishment faced by each gender is different and can affect the way society views the person as an individual and/or as a group. The nature and role in society can be a factor of the incarceration and the experience they may face while in the criminalRead MoreThe Media And Its Effect On The Society957 Words   |  4 Pagesloyalty (Vaughn, 2013). The media emphasizes that the rising intensity of the rivalry is the main factor that is resulting in the increase of gang activities, but the lack of questioning by the media on the possible causal factors that lead to the crime limits the understanding of the motives. The media misplaces confidence in the judgments of the SPD, by only questioning for details of the specific shooting and not the factors that may have caused it. The media simply accepting the SPD s claim thatRead MoreEvaluation of Correctional Education Essay1126 Words   |  5 Pagesmany years of being incarcerated and have no assistance while returning to society. Correctional education programs are designed to eliminate such way of thinking so prison re-entry rate will drop. Programs such as Preparing Inmates for Re-Entry through Assistance, Training, and Employment Skills (PIRATES) are developed to reduce offenders’ negative career thoughts and teach essential skills in order to return back to society (Musgrove, Derzis, Shippen, Brigman, 2012). Additionally, such programsRead MoreIs The War On Drugs?1252 Words   |  6 PagesThe topic I will be discussing is the War on Drugs. I will discuss the War on Drugs in relation to mass incarceration and to what consequences th e War on drugs has caused among people and society itself. I have always been interested by the War on Drugs. However, slowly realizing, I only knew so much about the issue. As I further researched I learned what the term, â€Å"War on Drugs† really means. The â€Å"War on Drugs† is about the prohibition of drugs in society. Therefore, I strongly believe that theRead MoreRe Entry Services Helps Reduce Overcrowding During Prisons A Longitudinal Outcome Evaluation Study885 Words   |  4 Pagesbecoming a productive member in society. If they did not receive re-entry services, they will be asked whether or not they feel the re-entry services are necessary or would be of assistance. Other important topics of discussion will be their employment opportunities, various relationships they have made, either friends, family, or romantic relationships, and if they have felt pressure to commit crime again. If the participant is willing to admit to any undetected crime, that w ill also be recordedRead MoreThe Debate Of Punishment And Community Corrections858 Words   |  4 Pagesthe positives and negatives of the two topics, and which is proven to be more effective. From the research conducted, the conclusion has come that community corrections is proven to be more effective than imprisonment majority of the time. Background Summary The effectiveness of imprisonment and community corrections raises questions as to which system is more effective. Throughout this paper you will see what is imprisonment and community corrections, the positives and negatives of both, and whichRead MoreThe War On Drugs And Its Effects On Society1276 Words   |  6 Pagesand dependencies. Because this can also create an increase of racial tension due to the fact that the war on drugs disproportionately targeted African Americans., Creating Rehabilitation instead of incarceration would decrease the prison population and a number of individuals in prison for nonviolent crimes. This can lead to a decrease in funding and space needed to house these individuals, and Proven by the outcome and statistics today, there are more effective, inexpensive, and reasonable ways toRead MoreAll Proven Rapists, Pedophiles and Murderers Should Receive Capital Punishment1036 Words   |  5 Pagesexecution of a prisoner for a serious crime. The court, wh o administers the law enacted by parliament, will, after conviction of a criminal who has done serious offence, sentence him to be killed. It is believed by many, particularly those of religious persuasion that this type of punishment is inhumane and the practice should be abolished. I personally disagree with this opinion for several reasons. As Stated above, death penalty is generally ordered where the crime is a serious offence such as murder

I Was Hard Work to Success - 871 Words

I Was Hard Work To Success? While growing up, my family stressed the fact that hard work and success go hand and hand. With that stated, Im not a big believer in luck being the reason for someone success in life. Im not saying that I do not believe that luck exist or that lucky is only a part of fairy tales. I just believe that anyone who is truly successful has worked hard for it and earned all their accomplishments throughout their life. Whenever I get good grades in school I knew it is because of hard work and me pushing my abilities not luck. Whenever I think of my home and my belongings, I know it all came from hard work. Hard work is the key to any successful formula! Hard work is putting in more effort than before and†¦show more content†¦Sometimes people get their wishes very easily and are branded lucky. But, once they get there they cannot depend on luck to do their job. For instance, a sports player gets signed to the team of his dreams. Even though people know the capabilities of the sports player, they say he was lucky to get onto the team. But once the game begins it’s the sports player’s hard work that shows during the game. At that point players cannot depend on their luck, performance and ability are the only dependents. Many of players also established a major business that continues to bring him more success each time he releases a new idea. But just because you work hard, doesnt mean you will be successful. Everyone in the world can’t be successful. Unfortunately, some people go their whole lives trying to make it and accomplish their goals, but ever succeed before their time is up. so, we must be good job as work hard and have smart ideas to success. If you wasn’t believed it, try to doShow MoreRelatedSuccess Is Not For Success944 Words   |  4 PagesSuccess has just as many faces as any other possible theme, depending on the society in which it is measured, and the character of the person who measures it. 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Characteristics like grit are pursuing with long-term goals and desiring improvement. Even after failing, one exerts self-discipline to succeed from a motivational perspective. Continuous learning efforts after experiencing discouraging setbacks can enhance the outcome of achieving success as Duckworth mentionedRead MoreThe Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass and its Illustrations of the American Dream1474 Words   |  6 Pagesthere is equal opportunity for all in the American society to achieve success. Success is not pegged on social status, race, or creed, but rather on an individual’s own efforts. The definition of the American dream has unique interpret ations to different people. The most common meaning is that of a life of abundance and prosperity, characterized by economic rewards that enable one to live a middle class life of comfort. Here, success is measured by material possessions such as beautiful homes, cars,Read MoreAndrew Carnegie Self Made Mans Speech Summary1322 Words   |  6 Pagesthe belief that anyone can achieve prosperity and success from even the lowest-ranking positions. One of America’s finest â€Å"self-made men† reflects this flawed ideal that fails to account for the variety of factors stacked against an individual. In his speech, â€Å"The Road to Business Success: A Talk to Young Men†, Andrew Carnegie argues that the self made man exists, and it is possible to become a successful businessman and leader through hard work. He begins his speech by arguing that all successfulRead MoreGraduation Speech : 3 Idiots, And Its States Do Not Chase Success848 Words   |  4 PagesOne quote th at I live by on a daily basis both in and out of school comes from an Indian movie called 3 Idiots, and its states, â€Å"Do not chase success. Follow excellence, then success will chase you.† In my school life, this pursuit of excellence has allowed me to reach great levels of achievement in all of my subject areas in high school. However, I especially excel in the areas of math, science, and social studies. My excellence in these areas of learning can be attributed to many factors, includingRead MoreAnalysis Of Malcolm Gladwell s Outliers 962 Words   |  4 Pagesthat success is shaped by external entities which certain individuals are granted precise opportunities and advantages that not everybody is given by fate. However, even though Gladwell’s theory at attaining success holds some validity, he completely avoids and excludes the value of hard-work and determination. The core of success is always within the individual which can be achieved by perseverance th rough difficult times and setbacks as opposed to solely capitalizing on other people’s hard workRead MoreThe American Dream By Kimberly Amadeo1637 Words   |  7 PagesNowadays, a large number of people migrate to the United States to work and achieve the American Dream. According to the Article â€Å"What is the American Dream?† by Kimberly Amadeo, â€Å"The American Dream was first publicly defined in 1931 by James Truslow Adams in Epic of America. Adam’s often-repeated quote is, ‘The American Dream is that dream of land in which life should be better and richer and fuller for everyone, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement.’† There are many peopleRead MoreThe American Dream Is Not Alive1609 Words   |  7 Pages â€Å" Success is the result of perfection, hard work, learning from failure, loyalty, and persistence (Colin Powell).† The American Dream is the idea that every US citizen should have an equal oppo rtunity to achieve success and prosperity through hard work, determination, and initiative. Whether you’re tall, short, lean, obese, African American, White, wealthy, or poor, anybody can achieve success by working hard. Although many people believe it is not alive, the American dream has shown why many people

Problems Occurring Of Climate Changes †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Problems Occurring Of Climate Change. Answer: Introduction: The climate change has been one of the most important environmental threats towards humanity. This is caused because of the greenhouse gases due to burning of the fossil fuels. Moreover the destruction of the sectors storing huge amount of carbon are also the reason behind this. The following report has identified the problems occurring in climate change. In order to capture the details various ideas and tools are included. Lastly the current initiatives to address the problem are discussed here. Problems due to climate change: As the gas, oil and coal supplies are burnt and the vast areas of the peat lands and forests are destroyed, the greenhouse gases get poured in the atmosphere. Moreover it causes the disruption of the sensitive balance of the gases that have been sustaining the life on earth. Thus the world scenario is transforming and possessing devastating effects on the environment and the people. Majority of the climate scientists have agreed on the fact that the increase of global temperature are down to the human activity (Stocker 2014). One of the most vital effects of this is that it has been affecting the water resources across the world. The water has been tied intimately to the resource and the social issue like the heath industry, food supply, ecosystem integrity and the transportation. The effect of the climate change has been already seen across various diverse geographical areas. The forests at many places have been supporting limitless ecosystems and species and have been among the one of the instances of at-risk habitat. The global melting of the glaciers and ice sheets has been denoting another immense toll over the ecosystem (Collins et al. 2013). Further, the climate change has been threatening to the health of the descendants of human species. This is because of the rise in freshwater shortages, disease, worsened smog and many more. All this problems has been also posing numerous economic risks that have been far outweighing the financial risks of taking action in current times. Concepts and tools regarding climate change: Factors influencing climate change: There have been various factors affecting the climate change. They are discussed below: Distance from the sea The shape of the land Ocean currents El Nio Direction of prevailing winds Distance fromthe equator Human influence The impacts of the problem if unresolved: The glaciers, sea ice and the permafrost are been disappearing. There has been rise of sea levels and dying of coral reefs. The changing of seasons and extreme conditions of the weather are now common. The impacts of the problems are responsible for killing about 310,000 human beings every year with damaging the ecosystem. Moreover the scientists have predicted that more than 2C increase in the global temperature would lead to effective catastrophic problems (Shine 2014). Thus there would be more drought, disease famine, war, flooding. The inter-relationships between the influencing factors: At this context the mitigation has been much more promising, bringing more immediate financial scopes and possibly more visible quick effects. However seeing the trends in carbon-di-oxide emission and the changes in the surroundings, the adaptation in most of the cases is the primary way to deal with it. People require being more explored and emphasized (Crate and Nuttall 2016). Present initiatives taken to address the problem in climate change: From the system perspective the understanding of the anthropogenically driven changes in global climate is complicated. The reason is that the integration of numerous conventional independent sciences utilizing tools from the systems theory. They could be recognized and termed as the global change science, climate change science and earth systems science (Stocker 2014). Moreover, this has been considered the most effect approach widely. It has its roots on the general systems theory. Just only with the science created on this foundation could create the knowledge of interactions taking place among the living and non-living elements of the earth on the global scale. Conclusion: The event of climate change has been a huge challenge for the earth. This has required large scale actions by every level of business and government. However there have been various things that could be done to decrease the energy consumptions and promote the choices of smart energy in the communities. The reactions of this climate system globally towards the anthropogenic gas emissions of greenhouse and the perturbations have been causing various effects. This includes the social systems, economy, ecological. This could be understood only through the approach of integrated system. References: Collins, M., Knutti, R., Arblaster, J., Dufresne, J.L., Fichefet, T., Friedlingstein, P., Gao, X., Gutowski, W.J., Johns, T., Krinner, G. and Shongwe, M., 2013. Long-term climate change: projections, commitments and irreversibility. Crate, S.A. and Nuttall, M. eds., 2016.Anthropology and climate change: from encounters to actions. Routledge. Insightmaker.com. (2017).Climate Change Influencer: Methane Release (1-Loop; Reinforcing) | Insight Maker. [online] Available at: https://insightmaker.com/insight/24843/Climate-Change-Influencer-Methane-Release-1-Loop-Reinforcing [Accessed 1 Sep. 2017] Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2014.Climate Change 2014Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability: Regional Aspects. Cambridge University Press. Northwest Earth Institute. (2017).A SYSTEMS THINKING MODEL: THE ICEBERG - Northwest Earth Institute. [online] Available at: https://www.nwei.org/iceberg/ [Accessed 1 Sep. 2017]. Scientific American. (2017).If carbon dioxide makes up only a minute portion of the atmosphere, how can global warming be traced to it? And how can such a tiny amount of change produce such large effects?. [online] Available at: https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/if-carbon-dioxide-makes-u/ [Accessed 1 Sep. 2017]. Shine, K.P., 2014. Climate change. Stocker, T. ed., 2014.Climate change 2013: the physical science basis: Working Group I contribution to the Fifth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press.

Puritanism Essays (655 words) - Christian Philosophy, Sin

Puritanism Puritanism, a religious reform movement in the late 16th and 17th century which sought to "purify" the Church of England, Anglican Church. Puritans became noted for a spirit of moral and religious pledge that determined their whole way of life, and they sought through church reform to make their lifestyle the pattern for the whole nation. Their efforts to transform the nation led to a civil war in England, and to the founding of the colonies in America as working models of the Puritan way of life. The excerpt from Jonathon Edwards' sermon Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God, is an example on how Puritans followed their religion. Jonathon Edwards' work describes how God hated Puritans for their sins; which led the Puritans to feel guilty for their sins. With the wrath of God and the guilt man felt, the damnation and salvation principal became the focus of Puritanism. The Puritans religion had the belief that they were sinners, and that God hated them for their sins. According to Jonathon Edwards, God hates man... "'Tis true that judgement against your evil work has not been executed..." (Edwards 41). He used evil work as a metaphor for sins. Bremmer's article Puritanism, its Essence and Attraction describes God's creation of man, man's fall from his grace, and how we became sinners. "Man was part of God's creation and was made in the image of God. The relationship between God and the first man Adam was described as a covenantal bond. In the words of the Puritan West - minister Confession, 'life was promised to Adam, and in him to his posterity, upon condition of perfect and personal obedience.' But'our first parents' violated this covenant..." (Bremmer 20). Since our first parents violated this covenant, they fell from their original righteousness and communion with God, and so became dead in their sin. The effects from this original sin were born by all men thereafter. Since the Puritans believed that we were all sinners, the Preachers often utilized the concepts of the wrath of God and guilt in their sermons. God was so angry with man that his wrath was great. Edwards in his sermon described God's wrath in terms of metaphors. His wrath was so vengeful that he described floodwaters being held by a dam. It was God's will that the dam did not break, and wipe man out. "Puritans spoke frequently in his benevolence" (Bremmer 20). God had ill will toward man, and only salvaged a few and left the rest for damnation. Man after the fall was by nature sinful, and for sinning against God man deserves damnation. This was a central belief of Puritanism. Every man was in the hands of an angry God. "Thus are all you that never passed under a great change of heart by the mighty power of the Spirit of God upon your souls; ... 'tis nothing but his mere pleasure that keeps you from being this movement swallowed up in everlasting destruction" (Edwards 42). At the time God created Adam, man's salvation depended on his own actions. God pledged happiness to Adam in return for man's absolute obedience to the will of God. The Covenant of Works exemplifies this concept in Puritanism. In the fall, man broke the covenant, and lost his opportunity to be salvaged. The consequences of man's sin could only be reversed through divine action. God provided the release by the Covenant of Redemption. "... the agreement whereby the Father compacted with the Son to provide the salvation of some men and women through Christ's sacrifice" (Bremmer 21). This superficial order for the sins of mankind made possible individual redemption through the Covenant of Grace. Once man reached this Covenant, believing in God could redeem him. The excerpt from Jonathon Edward's sermon, Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God, focused on Puritanism theology. He addressed the issues of man as a sinner, God's hate of sinners - wrath of God. Throughout the sermon he addressed the damnation of man, the process of salvation and redemption. He hammered at his congregation using guilt and fear for their souls. Thus Edwards' sermon incorporated the three covenants; Covenant of Works, Covenant of Redemption, and Covenant of Grace.

Arthur Miller essays

Arthur Miller essays An Analysis of Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman and The Price When people accept an ideal to live by it can be a glorious and noble thing unless they become so obsessed wi the the ideal that it becomes a yolk and they are unable to realize their dream.. This is especially true for two characters in Arthur Miller's plays Death of a Salesman and The Price. In these two plays Miller portays two lower-middle class men , Willie Loman and Victor Franz, respectivelly, who each live by an ideal that ultimately is self-defeating. Willie lived to pursue the American dream rather than living the American dream and Victor lived to serve and be decent rather than living a noble and decent life. They pursed their ideal rather than living it and thus they are unable to succeed. Willie Loman, in Death of a Salesman,, has lived his life in pursuit of the American dream. Traditionally the American dream meant oppurtunity and freedom for all, and Willie believed that. However, hard work could not ea rn him everything that he wanted or thoght he deserved. Willy judged himsel and those arround him by theit material accumulation, as is demanded by capitalism and the protestant work ethic. The ethic demands accumulation and work as signs of favor in the eyes of god. Thus in order to please god and himself he had to accumulate wealth and objects. The consumer oriented society in which Willy lives will not allow him to live the American Dream. Willy is fascinated by accumulating things. His desire fior goods makes him want objects that he neither needed nor could afford. Willy thinks that he needs to buy his wife a new refrigerator and new stockings even though she is content with what they have. As he tries to live the American dream he venerates those who have been successful at doing so, l ike Thomas Edison, B.F. Goodrich, and Ben, his succesful brother. Furetheremore he punished those who did not work towards that ideal or accomplish it ,such as Biff, ...

Encouraging affective organisational commitment in Thai part-time Essay - 1

Encouraging affective organisational commitment in Thai part-time employees at Thai restaurants in UK - Essay Example y on the quality of food and beverages served, the level of hospitality coupled with cosiness of the customers and corresponding general environment of the restaurant. Therefore, the prevailing case study has been appropriately chosen for carrying out research on the customer loyalty at the Thai Square restaurants (Gratton & Jones, 2010, pp234-267). The research topic is purely analytical and the corresponding case study is most appropriate for analysis of the prevailing analytical issues within Thai Square Restaurants. Analytical method mainly entails description of the customer loyalty, which encompasses diverse theories regarding the subject matter and its corresponding applicability within the context of the real life scenario (Hartley, 2004, pp323-333). The analytical method applied within the case study is flexible and supports both the qualitative and quantitative analysis. The underlying case study method fosters studying the data that has been gathered via questionnaire survey (Gratton & Jones, 2010, pp234-267). Thus, analytical reasoning in regard to the underlying research is most appropriate for the existing case study approach. Case study method is mostly employed in the assessment of diverse matters associating to the social science, human and organizational behaviour coupled with the psychological studies (Hartley, 2004, pp323-333). The method utilized within the case study is analytical and mainly entail gathering data from diverse sources utilizing techniques encompassing questionnaire method, telephonic interviews, main and individual interviews. These methods are the fundamental sources of data gathering whilst secondary sources mainly entail information within diverse books, journals and corresponding website publications (Gratton & Jones, 2010, pp234-267). Diverse approaches was utilized in the study of the collected information are mainly categorized into qualitative and quantitative analysis techniques and encompasses statistical

Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 12

Leadership - Essay Example These situational theories are highly dependent upon factors like the particular situation, task, people, environmental variables and organization. Fiedler had proposed a situational theory, which proposed that there is no singular way of handling particular situation (Davidson and Omar 1352-1706).The different leadership approaches adopted by the managers at varied situations have different impact on the employee morale and performance (Dong and Liu 1352-1706). When a leader adopts autocratic approach, there is negative impact on the employees’ performance and outcome. When a leader adopts transformational and goal setting leadership, there is an increase in the employee performance and morale. Although, there is no singular leadership theory, which would help to increase the organizational outcome, moral and performance of the employees, yet the management of the organization needs to focus on application of several leadership theories. A distinction should be made between the task and relationship oriented managers. Task oriented managers lay emphasis on the tasks in hand, than on the enhancement of the leader member relationship (Fish 1352-1760). These kind of managers focus on the organizational structure, task delegated to the members and the position and power of the employees. It has been observed that the employee performance and morale increased with the motivation received from the managers. The employee morale and performance is also dependent on the way the manager conducts themselves and motivate the employees of the organization. The organizational outcome is also directly related and proportional to the motivation and the guidance of the leaders (Fontaine 125-135). The development plan would be to implement leadership program, which would highlight the basic leadership approaches like transformational, goal setting theories, which Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 37 Leadership - Essay Example The chosen leaders need to have enough knowledge on the forms of leadership that will foster student learning and teachers’ cooperation. This paper seeks to discuss key characteristics reflected in teacher leadership that positive impact on teachers. Theory of leadership is a fundamental characteristic of teacher leaders. The concept of leadership is a vital organ when it comes to development of effective leadership. The fundamental distinctions of leadership models are providing direction and exercising influence. The different ways employed in carrying out or executing these functions is what makes a leadership theory (Wilmore, 2007). Capturing the attention of school personnel is an important aspect in leadership. The above is a significant characteristic factor that contributes greatly to positive teacher leadership. In most institutions, students and teachers are found to posses low attention to initiatives from the leaders. In effecting leadership, such leaders should be able to capture the attention of these teachers and students in a variety of ways. The leaders can engage in using formative and summative student assessments aligned along the new standards (Wilmore, 2007). The leaders should develop capacity building. As much as assessment captures teachers and students attention, must a robust response to the dilemmas and conflicts created in order to generate productive change. Effective response is brought through development of a strong, in-house, systematically aligned, professional development strategies (Wilmore, 2007). The leaders should create and develop a sustained competitive edge in their jurisdictions. When the leaders create competitive but interactive forums among the teachers and the students, they will be able to sensitize on the positive impacts of their leaderships. Positive creation of competition facilitates empowerment of the teachers towards performing their tasks. Empowerment fosters accountability

Relationship Between Leadership and Employee Performance

Relationship Between Leadership and Employee Performance The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of leadership on employee performance considering the five factors of leadership development that are coaching, training and development, empowerment, participation and delegation. Therefore these form the independent variables that are affecting employee performance which is the dependent variable. The hypotheses stated in the study are relating leadership to employee performance considering these five different factors. Since this whole study revolves around the importance of leadership development and its impact on employee performance, the relationship between these variables of leadership with the employee performance have been studied and researched upon. Exploratory research is done and a convenience sampling technique is used. Questionnaires were also circulated and SPSS-14 is used for data analysis. Pearson Correlation and Regression analysis is also performed. The study proved a strong positive relationship between leadersh ip development with employee performance. A manager must possess leadership qualities in order to conform to the performance standards set by the company. All the six hypotheses established are accepted and are positively related to employee performance, with training and development the strongest variable of leadership impacting employee performance. Vigoda-Gadot, Eran. 2005-2006. Leadership Style, Organizational Politics and Employees Performance: An Empirical Examination of Two Competing Models. This study aims to investigate the role of organizational performance as a mediating factor between leadership style and the employees performance. Therefore, the independent variable is leadership; the dependent variable is employee performance whereas organizational performance is a mediating variable. Questionnaires were circulated and a survey was taken. A Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire measure was used. Exploratory Factor Analysis and a correlation analysis were also done. The study has six hypotheses. One hypothesis states that transformational and transactional leadership are positively related with in-role performance and OCB (Eran, 2006), another state that transformational leadership will have a stronger relationship with and more influence on formal performance and OCB than transactional leadership (Eran, 2006). Another hypothesis is that perceptions of organizational politics are negatively related to employees in-role performance (Eran, 2006). Also, there is a hypothesis that perceptions of organizational politics mediate the relationship between transactional and transformational leadership, on one hand, and in-role performance and OCB on the other (Eran, 2006). It was also tested whether the relationship between leadership and performance was direct or indirect. A positive relationship was found between transformational leadership and performance; however transactional leadership and performance had a negative relationship. Conclusively, organizational politics has been considered an influential mediator between leadership and performance. According to the study, transformational leadership has a more direct positive effect on employees performance. Hayward. A. Brett. (2005). Relationship between Employee Performance, Leadership and Emotional Intelligence in a South African Parastatal Organization. This study was conducted to examine the relationship between leadership, emotional intelligence and the performance of employees. Thus, the two independent variables are leadership and emotional intelligence whereas the dependent variable is employee performance. A sample of 160 leaders and 800 raters was taken and a statistical analysis was done using the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire measure and the Emotional Competency Profiler. A linear regression was run and a correlation analysis was carried out. Four different hypotheses were formed but two of them are important for my study. First, there is no significant positive linear relationship between employee performance and an emotionally intelligent transactional leader (Brett, 2005) and that there is a significant positive linear relationship between employee performance and an emotionally intelligent transactional leader (Brett, 2005). The second hypothesis states that there is no significant positive linear relationship between employee performance and an emotionally intelligent transformational leader (Brett, 2005) and that there is a significant positive linear relationship between employee performance and an emotionally intelligent transformational leader (Brett, 2005). The results show that there is a significant linear relationship between employee performance and an emotionally intelligent, transactional leader. However, a significant linear relationship between employee performance and an emotionally intelligent transformational leader does not exist and also that there is insufficient evidence to indicate that. This whole study and its findings are, however, contradictory to other studies that have been conducted that show a positive relationship between employee performance and a transformational leader. A. Oluseyi, Shadare and Hammed, T. Ayo 2009. Influence of Work Motivation, Leadership Effectiveness and Time Management on Employees Performance in Some Selected Industries in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of the three independent variables; work motivation, leadership effectiveness and time management, on employee performance that is the dependent variable. A total of 300 staff members were selected through stratified random sampling and the data was collected through Work Motivation Behavior Profile, Leadership Behavior Rating Scale and Time Management Behavior Inventory. A multiple regression was run and correlation matrix was used. The study answers the three basic research questions. First, the relationship is identified between each independent variable and employee performance. Also, the composite and relative effect of each of these variables on employee performance is analyzed. The results show that each of the three inde pendent variables have a positive and significant impact on employee performance, with leadership effectiveness showing the strongest correlation, followed by work motivation. Therefore leadership plays a vital role in enhancing the performance of the employees. Sribenjachot, Suteera. 2007. Impact of Leadership Style on Follower Performance in Direct Selling Industry in Thailand. This study inspects the impact that transactional and transformational leadership has on performance. Both leadership styles have different effects on performance. Performance is the dependent variable which is influenced by the leadership style which is the independent variable. Another variable is defined as leader outcome that is influenced by the leadership styles and impacts performance. A survey research design of Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) was used. The date was collected through MLQ-5X. Path analysis was performed and a statistical program known as Analysis of Moment Structure was used. Several hypotheses were formed; transformational leadership has no effect on follower performance (Suteera, 2007), transactional leadership has no effect on follower performance (Suteera, 2007), transformational leadership has no effect on leader outcome (Sute era, 2007), transactional leadership has no effect on leader outcome (Suteera, 2007) and leader outcomes have no effect on follower performance (Suteera, 2007). The results show a negative relationship between transactional leadership and performance, and no relationship between transformational leadership and performance. Both leadership styles have a positive impact on leader outcome, and that outcome affects the performance of the followers or the employees. Amran G. Tiena and Kusbramayanti, Putri. 2007. Leadership and Organizational Culture Relationship Analysis on Job Performance and Satisfaction using SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) at Pt. Carita Boat Indonesia. This study aims to examine the direct influence of leadership and organizational culture on job performance and its indirect impact on job satisfaction. Also, it studies the impact of job performance on job satisfaction. Therefore, all these elements of the study form the basic variables. A survey was taken and data was collected through questionnaires. A sample of 100 workers was taken. Structural Equation Modeling was used for the analysis of the data. The study has four hypotheses. The quality of employee job performance is positively influenced by leader-member relations (Tiena and Putri, 2007). The quality of employees job performance is positively influenced by organizational culture (Tiena and Putri, 2007). The quality of working satisfaction is positively influenced by performance (Tiena and Putri, 2007). The results show that leadership has a positive influence on the quality of performance and that in turn has a positive effect on work satisfaction. Leadership also has an impact on work satisfaction and it motivates an employee. The leader-member relationship influences both leadership style and employee job performance. Goh Yuan Sheng Victor, Geoffrey N. Soutar. 2005. The Role of Ethical Behaviors in the Relations between Leadership Styles and Job Performance. This study relates the three elements of leadership styles, ethical behaviors and job performance. The two leadership styles, transformational and transactional, are discussed and their relationship with performance is studied. Ethical behaviors that include deontology and teleological ethics are also examined. This article reviews how the leaders use these ethical values and form judgements. Therefore these ethical values play a mediating role in forming the relationship between leadership (independent variable) and employee performance (dependent variable). The measures used were the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire, Role-Based Performance Scale and Analysis of Moment Structure. A path analysis was performed and a variance-covariance matrix was used. The study has six hypotheses. Transformational leadership is positively associated with employees job performance (Soutar and Victor, 2005). Transactional leadership is positively associated with employees job performance (Soutar and Victor, 2005). Transformational leadership is positively associated with Deontological ethical approach (Soutar and Victor, 2005). Transactional leadership is positively associated with Teleological ethical approach (Soutar and Victor, 2005). Deontological ethical approach will mediate the relation between Transformational Leadership and employees job performance (Soutar and Victor, 2005). Teleological ethical approach will mediate the relation between Transactional Leadership and employees job performance (Soutar and Victor, 2005). The results of the study show that ethics are a defining element of leadership. Leaders must be ethically responsible and this ethical behavior is an important mediating factor between leadership styles and performance of the employees. Mahmmod A. Bodla and Hussain , Ghulam. 2010. Need for Leadership: Empirical Evidence from Pakistan. This study was conducted to focus on the moderating role of the need for leadership on the relationship between leadership and the subordinates outcomes or employees performance. Thus leadership and its characteristics are once again the independent variable, with subordinates outcomes and employees performance being the dependent variables. Need for leadership is the moderating variable between the two. The followers need for leadership is determined and based on that a particular leadership style is adopted, which results in required performance by the employees. Various leadership characteristics are defined and their relationship studies. A sample of banking officers was used from 550 different branches of banks and questionnaires were distributed for the collection of data. A statistical analysis was performed using the multiple regression. There was one main hypothesis of the stu dy; need for leadership will moderate the relationship between leadership characteristics and subordinates work outcomes (Bodla and Ghulam, 2010). The results show that need for leadership is important and it must be understood before implementing any leadership practices. On various grounds, the need for leadership has been considered as a substitute of the relationship between leadership and performance. Dr. Mohammed S. Chowdhury and Nurul A. Mohammed. 2000. Relative Importance of Employee Values, Attitudes and Leadership Behaviors in Employee Motivation. An Empirical Investigation. Employee motivation is one factor that influences the performance of the employees. That motivation is derived from various other factors. This study is therefore conducted to look at the importance that those factors such as values, attitudes and leadership behavior have in influencing employee work motivation and performance. Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation is defined and various styles of leadership are considered. Employee motivation is therefore the dependent variable and the independent variables are employee values, attitudes and leadership behavior. The data was collected through questionnaires constituting a sample of 140 employees. Statistical analysis was performed and a regression was run. Various techniques were used to measure the different variables. The study has four hypotheses. The gr eater the extent to which the key values are perceived to exist in the organization, the greater will be the employees intrinsic motivation (Chowdhury and Mohammed, 2000). The greater the extent to which key job attitudes are perceived to exist in the organizations, the greater will be the employees intrinsic motivation (Chowdhury and Mohammed, 2000). The greater the extent to which positive achievement motivation behavior of the leader is perceived to exist in the organization, the greater the job satisfaction and extrinsic motivation (Chowdhury and Mohammed, 2000).The greater the extent to which arbitrary and punitive behavior is perceived to exist in the organization, the greater the job dissatisfaction and de-motivation of the employees (Chowdhury and Mohammed, 2000). The study concludes that the values and attitudes of employees influence the intrinsic motivation of employees while leadership behavior affects the extrinsic motivation of employees. Cyril H. Ponnu and Tennakoon Girindra. 2009. The Association between Ethical Leadership and Employee Outcomes the Malaysian Case. This research was carried out in order to determine the association between ethical leadership behavior and employee outcomes. It has considered two basic outcomes, that of organizational commitment and trust in leaders. These factors eventually affect the work performance of the employees. The independent variable is the ethical leadership behavior whereas employee organizational commitment and employees trust in leaders are the dependent variables. A sample of 172 managerial employees was taken. The different measures used were the Ethical Leadership Scale, Organizational Commitment Questionnaire and the Trust Scale. A correlation analysis was done and the data was also analyzed using SPSS version 14.0. the study has two hypotheses. There is a significant relationship between ethical leadership behavior and employees organizational commitment (Ponnu and Girindra, 2009). Ethical leadership behavior is positively associated with employees trust in leaders (Ponnu and Girindra, 2009). The first hypothesis was held true. There was a significant and a medium positive relationship between the two variables. The second hypothesis was also held true as the two variables showed a strong positive relationship. Therefore, ethical leadership has a positive effect on both organizational commitment of employees and their trust in leaders. Hence, it can also be concluded that these employees will eventually perform better and work towards achieving the goals of the organization.

Free YGB Essay - Formalistic Approach to Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown :: Free Essays on Young Goodman Brown

Young Goodman Brown:   The Formalistic Approach In reading Nathaniel Hawthorne's Young Goodman Brown, I found many of the formalistic approach concepts in this short story. The concepts in this short story were simple to see and to understand. There was much discussion about the symbolism, allegory, and allusion, along with the ambiguity, and form.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The formalistic approach to reading is one of the most common approaches to reading literature. The formalistic approach has three main points to it: symbolism, allegory, and allusion. However these are not the only criteria that belong to the formalistic approach. Ambiguity, form, and organic form are also a part of it. Symbolism can refer to an image. "When an image takes on meaning beyond its objective self, it moves into the realm of symbolism (86)". Allegory is "a one to one equivalence between the surface meaning and a higher meaning(101)". An example of this is a man named Christian that is christian. Allusion is a reference to something else, maybe another piece of literature or another movie. Allusion can lead to the reader's knowledge of the rest of the story. Ambiguity is the use of a particular word, but yet the word itself has many different meanings. Form is the way the reader identifies a story whether it is a story or a poe m. The organic form has two parts: the local texture and logical structure. The local texture is the specific metaphors while the logical structure is the basic idea or argument of the story. In Young Goodman Brown, symbolism is displayed in many areas. The first obvious one is the use of the word faith. Young Goodman Brown has a wife named Faith and in the later part of the story he actually loses his faith. The pink ribbon can also be used as a symbol. This is also a demonstration of ambiguity. Red often refers to sex while white refers to purity. However since pink is a mixture between red and white this leads us to think that there can be suspicion in this story. Other symbols from this book are the names of the people. In our class discussion we talked about the Puritans and the way they named their children. They name their children after things that are very important to them such as faith, purity, and chasity. Throughout this book there are many names used such as Faith and Goodman Brown.

Nursing Home Administration

Nursing facility is a special environment which has a great impact on employees and their perception of duty and responsibilities. The nursing process is a dynamic and continuous cycle that aims to place the patient as an individual at the heart of the assessment, planning, implementation and evaluation of nursing care. Researchers states that the satisfaction of helping others and recognition and reward programs are the main factors which motivate employees of a nursing facility. On the one hand, there is a belief that nurses have an influence on patient care and ultimately on health outcomes. Satisfaction of helping others motivates employees to do their best and provide patients with the best services. The nursing process can be described as a merger of decision making skills with caring ability and is influenced by knowledge, research and experience. For the individual employees, satisfaction of helping others begins with a conscious choice to become involved in life beyond the self, not only because of personal reward, but because the activities tie them to the shared efforts, hope, and experiences of the broader community. Satisfaction means that an individual will seek to become fully engaged in the world of the community. Participation in community acknowledges the interdependence of human beings. In the ideal situation, employees seek to be integrated within the self and with helping people whose lives are touched by the mission of the agency. Satisfaction of helping others emphasizes belonging and duty above desires and rights. For nurses, satisfaction places acceptance of duties ahead of consideration of benefits. Work is undertaken not only as a response to a given set of incentives, but more importantly, because of a deep personal attachment to productive participation in the community (Recruitment and Retention 2000). Recognition and reward programs show that work and skills of employees are appraised by administration that value their efforts and knowledge. In many nursing facilities, the foundation of the performance appraisal and merit pay systems assumes that workers are primarily motivated by financial rewards which result from the accomplishment of clearly established and measurable performance goals. The recognition and reward are closely tied to eligibility for salary increases or, in the case of eligible middle managers, for merit pay adjustments. The system provides financial rewards and recognition in return for the achievement of monitored performance goals. The reward system relies on definite goals and expectations which are established and clearly understood between the supervisor and nurses. Theoretically, when these mutually understood conditions are present, employees are motivated; they draw on and apply their energy in appropriate directions to meet organizational objectives and are then appropriately rewarded (Beardwell et al 2004). The recognition and reward system depends on consistent and predictable procedures that can accurately establish and track employee performance. This involvement or attachment is chosen not just with a specific expectation of reward, but more importantly because the activity or attachment is meaningful in itself (Jennings, Murray, 2005). It might be assumed that any changes these employers made to the pay system would introduce a greater degree of individualization of reward. This could be achieved by simply increasing the proportion that was based on merit. The rewards to those who are seen to be outstanding performers are of two kinds: the formal and the informal. Many nursing facilities operated special annual award schemes for employees who made exceptional contributions. The award is a corporate-wide scheme designed to reward outstanding work and motivate employees. In sum, to be effective, an individual performance evaluation and reward system must first have credibility among employees. The pivotal issue in motivating employees to perform in organizationally defined ways is employee confidence that the system can produce the results it promises. The satisfaction of helping others and recognition motivate nursing staff and increase their commitment to work. References Beardwell, I. Holden, L., Claydon, T. (2004). Human Resource Management, London Pitman Publishing. Jennings, B., Murray, T. H. (2005). The Quest to Reform End of Life Care: Rethinking Assumptions and Setting New Directions. The Hastings Center Report, 35 (6), 52 Recruitment and Retention Strategies for Nurses. (2000). Retrieved 12 March 2007 from http://www.va.gov/OCA/testimony/docs/14je01TG2.rtf

Louise Mallard A Fragile Woman With A Heart Condition

Louise Mallard is a fragile woman with a heart condition, so she must be informed carefully about her husband Brently’s death. Her sister, Josephine is tasked with telling her the news. Louise’s friend Richards, acquired knowledge of a railroad disaster that claimed Brently’s life, making haste towards the Mallard home as soon as he assured himself. Louise upon hearing of her husband s death â€Å"wept at once, with sudden, wild abandonment†(Chopin). Once she had been calmed she left her sister and friend and headed towards her bedroom. where in an hour a series emotions would unleash to reveal Louise darkest desires. Mrs. Mallard previews her future without her beloved husband, her open bedroom window serves as a portal to the life that she now will lead, she can gaze and ponder about her future, a large part of the story is spent in front of the window basking in the glory of the freedom and opportunities that await her after her husband s death. From the window, Louise sees blue sky, fluffy clouds, and treetops. She hears birds singing and smells a coming rainstorm. Louise through her senses suggests joy and spring; new life. The open window provides a clear, bright view into the distance and Mrs. Mallard s own bright future, which is now unobstructed by the demands and the ties to another person. â€Å"Free†, though Louise’s thoughts remain private throughout the story she at first tries to silence the joy she feels, attributing to my belief that Louise views freedom asShow MoreRelatedKate CHopins Story of an Hour Essay1271 Words   |  6 Pagesone fateful hour in the life of a married woman. Analyzing the work through feminist criticism, one can see the implications of masculine discourse. Mrs. Mallards medical diagnosis is an example of the male-dominated society in which she lives. They are able to tell her that she indeed has a heart condition, but are unable to treat her effectively, portraying how ineffectual male patriarchy is in the life of this woman in particular. Mrs. Mallard is expected to fulfill the stereotypicalRead MoreLouise Mallard: a Complex Woman Essay739 Words   |  3 PagesLouise Mallard: A Complex Woman In The Story of an Hour Kate Chopin introduces us to a woman living in the oppressive times of the nineteenth century, Louise Mallard. She appears to be an old lady with a bad heart who is blindly living in a bad marriage, like everyone else at the time. However, a closer look at Louise reveals a more complex woman: a spiritual and fragile, young woman who is aware of her incarcerating marriage. When I first began reading The Story of an Hour, my first impressionRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of Kate Chopin s The Story Of An Hour 1274 Words   |  6 Pagesand duties in the household, and to be extremely fragile and weak. This type of culture still exists today but not to the extreme that it once was. Kate Chopin, however, not afraid speak out against the implications of society breaks free of the social norms of the 1800’s through her strong female characters. Specifically, in her short story, The Story of an Hour, Chopin captures quite the roller coaster of an hour in the life of Mrs. Louise Mallard, who receives the news of her husband s apparentRead MoreEssay on Freedom in Kate Chopins The Story of An Hour1087 Words   |  5 Pagesthoughts and feelings can be realized. Mrs. Louise Mallard, the victim and messenger of this story, is the representation of such a person. Her relationship with her husband is so tyrannical and limiting that even death is considered a reasonable means of escape. The condition of life for Mrs. Mallard is terrible, yet for some reason she doesnt seem to come to full realization until her husbands death. This leads one to believe it was commonplace for a woman to be unhappy in her marriage and haveRead MoreWomen Of The Victorian Era2428 Words   |  10 PagesIntro Throughout history, women are casted with the role of being docile, obedient, and fragile by the traditional values of the patriarchy society. In the nineteenth century during the Victorian era, men expect women to maintain the domestic sphere as a cheerful pure haven for them when they return home from work. The cult of true womanhood which was believed by both the Northern and Southern states at the time was based on four main ideas: the sphere of home and the competitive world outside whichRead MoreThe Relationship Between Men and Women Presented in the Short Story â€Å"the Story of an Hour†1940 Words   |  8 Pagesmarriage and womenâ€℠¢s lack of freedom. During this period in time, men had dominated with power and control over women. Women were seen as weak and powerless, therefore it was assumed and expected of women to obey the husband. Louise whom had been married to Brently Mallard, was under her husband’s restraint since the words â€Å"I Do† uttered her mouth. In the text, Louise’s freedom was hidden and held back between the time of her marriage, up until news was received mentioning her husband’s death. ApplyingRead More Analysis of Kate Chopins The Story of an Hour Essay1336 Words   |  6 Pagestheme of the story, which Ill get back to. Louise Mallard is a young, yet married woman who suffers from heart trouble, and thats why her closest relatives feel that they have to break the news to her as gently as possible. Immediately after hearing the shocking news, Louise starts crying, and storms into her room. Since Louise spends the majority of the short-story in her room, this is the setting of t he story. Noone really knows early in the story how Louise really feels about her husband dying. ButRead MoreEssay on Rhetorical Analysis The Story of an Hour1120 Words   |  5 PagesRhetorical Analysis The short story â€Å"The Story of an Hour† by Kate O’Flaherty Chopin is about a young woman who is told of her husband’s death and how, in one hour, her life was changed forever. Kate’s life was in some ways similar to that of Mrs. Mallard’s, I believe her true feelings were reflected in her many writings. People who read her stories, particularly â€Å"The Story of an Hour† may have several different views of what the meaning might be, but because Kate lived in a time when womenRead MoreKate Chopin s The Yellow Wallpaper And The Story Of An Hour1887 Words   |  8 Pages The two main characters in the short stories show some resemblances in some ways, but both characters portrayed them in different ways of how they dealt their sorrows in their marriages. â€Å"The Story of An Hour† by Kate Chopin is about a woman named Louise Mallard, who was very unsatisfied with her marriage and she did not know what happiness was until the death of her husbands’. As a result, in the story, â€Å"The Story of An Hour† by Kate Chopin states, â€Å"She could see in the open square before her houseRead MoreThe Awakening, the Story of an Hour, and Desirees Baby2934 Words   |  12 Pages grandmother and great-grandmother, vigorous widows that stressed learning, curiosity, and financial independence. Kate’s great-great-grandmother was the first woman to legally separate from her husband and continue on with a successful fulfilling life in the city of St. Louis. Kate was formally educated at the Academy of Sacred Heart, catholic school in St. Louis. Two years after graduating Kate married Oscar Chopin, the son of a wealthy cotton planter from Louisiana. Kate gave birth to five